If for nothing else highlighting areas you should be aware of. Some of it might be a bit more advanced than what you need right now, but there's definitely some good stuff for people starting out. On the other hand, resistors on a data line can be there to protect against ESD events, for example. However what values to use can seemingly be a bit of a black art, not helped by the fact there's so much outdated information and rules of thumb out there from the days of through-hole components which just doesn't apply to modern surface mounted components (like needing multiple different values). Similar to how the cistern in your toilet provides a large amounts of water in a short amount of time without affecting the water pressure in the rest of the house, hence decoupling the local water flow from the main supply,ĭecoupling capacitors can supply a lot of current for a short amount of time.
And I found MicroType Engineering to be a good source of practical information on designing circuits.Ĭapacitors next to ICs are almost always for decoupling. EEVBlog has made a lot of really nice videos about the fundamentals, as has w2aew. There are some good YouTube channels that go into this. > I mean there are resistors, capacitors all over the place but I really want to learn reason behind it. Often, you need to add a DC component and later remove it, so that's two capacitors already. if there is a signal fluctuating between 4.5V and 5.5V before the cap, it'll be -0.5V and 0.5V behind the cap. Decoupling capacitors to get rid of the DC component of a signal (i.e. They get rid of noise already on the line, and act as short-term energy storage for the chip next to it. Most capacitors on a PCB probably sit right next to a chip. The order and the values will determine the cutoff frequency.
Filters, using a resistor and a capacitor.
Delays, using a resistor and a capacitor. The point between the two resistors will be between 3.3V and 0V, depending on the resistor values.
The resistor divider (two resistors between e.g. There are certain usage patterns that you will find all over the place, e.g.:
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